By
Have you ever wondered what happens when ancient glaciers and volcanic forces collide over millennia? Each Icelandic canyon tells a unique story, a testament to the raw power and beauty of nature.
These stunning formations are the breathtaking aftermath of glaciers and eruptions, sculpting the island's landscape with remarkable diversity. Iceland's canyons, from hidden gems to well-known attractions, offer beautiful vistas that seem almost otherworldly.
Whether you choose an exhilarating highlands tour, a self-drive adventure, or renting a car for more spontaneous exploration, each canyon in Iceland promises an unforgettable experience. Come along as we delve into the incredible stories behind these geological marvels and discover why visiting an Iceland canyon will leave a lasting impression just as nature did on them.
9 Must-Visit Canyons in Iceland
There are literally hundreds of canyons scattered throughout Iceland, each with its own distinct features and allure. To make your trip planning easier, we've narrowed it down to our top nine must-visit Icelandic canyons. Here are some of the most famous and must-visit canyons in Iceland to add to your travel itinerary:
1. Jokulsargljufur Canyon
Jokulsargljufur Canyon, a famous canyon in Iceland, was carved by the forceful flows of a glacial river over millennia. Stretching over 24 kilometers (15 miles), this canyon showcases some of Iceland's most iconic landmarks.
One of its key attractions is Dettifoss, the second-most powerful waterfall in Europe, with a staggering water flow of 1,970 cubic feet (183 cubic meters) per second. The canyon is also home to Hljodaklettar, or 'Echo Rocks,' known for their unique basalt columns and unusual shapes that create strange echoes.
Another highlight is Selfoss, a lower but equally impressive waterfall that's a popular spot for photography and birdwatching. For the best views, head to the east bank of the river or near the Dettifoss parking lot. The recommended time to visit Jokulsargljufur Canyon is during the summer months (June-August), so don't forget to bring waterproof gear, as the spray from the waterfalls can get heavy.
Best Way to Explore Jokulsargljufur Canyon
The main hiking trail at Jokulsargljufur is a 34-kilometer (21-mile) trek that takes you through the most beautiful areas of the canyon and past several waterfalls. It's recommended to complete this hike in three days, with overnight stays at either Dettifoss or Hólmatungur campgrounds.
If you're short on time, there are also shorter routes available. The Hljodaklettar loop trail is only 2.7 kilometers (1.7 miles) long and offers stunning views of the basalt columns.
How to Get There
Jokulsargljufur Canyon is located in the northern part of Vatnajökull National Park, roughly a six-hour drive from Reykjavik. Situated in Northern Iceland, it's accessible from nearby towns such as Egilsstadir, Akureyri, Husavik, and Lake Myvatn.
To get there, turn off the Ring Road onto Road 862 or 864. For a hassle-free visit, consider joining a private geology tour, which includes transportation to and from the canyon.
2. Sigoldugljufur Canyon
Nicknamed the 'Valley of Tears,' Sigoldugljufur Canyon, also known by some as the waterfall canyon in Iceland for its many waterfalls, is located in the Icelandic Highlands. With vivid blue water and lush greenery, it creates a striking contrast to the surrounding barren landscape.
This relatively recent formation was once part of a glacial river, but its transformation was influenced by the installation of a nearby hydroelectric plant, marking it as a man-made canyon. Sigoldugljufur's secluded location makes it far from other major attractions, allowing for a peaceful and serene visit. Despite being lesser-known, its unique features offer an unforgettable experience.
Be prepared for an adventurous journey, but the destination is well worth it, offering some of the most stunning vistas in Iceland.
Best Way to Explore Sigoldugljufur Canyon
For an enjoyable and leisurely hike, the 1.9-kilometer (1.2 miles) out-and-back trail at Sigoldugljufur Canyon is perfect. Located near Landmannalaugar in the Southern Region, it's generally considered easy and takes around 28 minutes to complete. Ideal for walking, you'll likely find minimal crowds, especially from June through September, offering a serene experience amidst stunning scenery.
How to Get There
Sigoldugljufur Canyon is only accessible during the summer. To get there, you'll need a sturdy 4WD vehicle due to the highland terrain. Start from Hella and take Road 26 off the Ring Road. Follow Road 26 for approximately 82 kilometers (50 miles). Then, turn onto F208 Mountain Road and continue on it to reach Sigoldugljufur Canyon.
3. Glymur Canyon
Nestled in the fjord of Hvalfjordur, Glymur Canyon is home to Iceland's second-tallest waterfall, making it one of Iceland's canyons you simply can't miss. Standing at an impressive 650 feet (198 meters) in height, Glymur is fed by the river Botnsa, which originates from Iceland's glaciers and runs from a lake above.
This picturesque waterfall is tucked away in a narrow canyon, providing a popular hiking spot for both locals and visitors alike. Thanks to its accessibility by foot, Glymur is an essential stop during any self-drive tour. According to old Icelandic legend, Glymur was named after a man who was turned into a whale by an elf woman in a fit of rage.
This 'whale man' sank a boat, causing two sons of an old priest to drown. The priest lured the whale into the canyon, causing a loud crash and an earthquake, earning the waterfall its name, which means 'a loud, echoing rumble.'
Best Way to Explore Glymur Canyon
The hike to Glymur takes you through lush natural landscapes, including iconic sites like the cave of Thvottahellir. Along the way, you'll encounter a thrilling river crossing using a log and rope setup, which is available from spring to autumn. Just a heads up: it's not safe to attempt crossing the river in winter! The hike to the waterfall from the car park takes approximately three and a half hours in total.
How to Get There
Getting to the car park of Glymur takes about forty-five minutes if you drive from Reykjavik. Head north on the Ring Road and turn right on Route 47 before the Hvalfjordur tunnel. Enjoy stunning views of the coast, mountains, flora, and smaller waterfalls along the edge of the fjord. Look for a sign for Glymur and turn right onto a gravel road. Follow the gravel road until you reach the parking area.
4. Fjaðrárgljúfur Canyon
Fjaðrárgljúfur is a mesmerizing Icelandic gorge in the south of Iceland that has only recently started getting a lot of attention. This stunning canyon boasts panoramic views throughout its marked trail, making it a hiker's paradise.
Known for its unique shape, steep cliffs, numerous waterfalls, rugged rock formations, and meandering bends, Fjaðrárgljúfur stretches just over 1.9 kilometers (1.2 miles) long. It gained widespread popularity after Justin Bieber shot the music video for 'I'll Show You' at the canyon. However, the influx of hikers has raised concerns about the environmental impact and preservation of this natural wonder.
To address these problems, Fjaðrárgljúfur was temporarily closed to the public to allow the vegetation to recover. Visitors are now urged to tread lightly and stick to the marked trails, avoiding the temptation to venture off the path and onto the cliffs. This helps ensure that Fjaðrárgljúfur remains a breathtaking site for future generations.
Best Way to Explore Fjaðrárgljúfur Canyon
The Fjaðrárgljúfur Canyon hike is perfect for nature enthusiasts. A well-paved trail makes for a gentle uphill climb, allowing you to appreciate continuous canyon views from the start. The path is marked with roped-off sections and fences to ensure both hiker safety and environmental restoration.
Branching overlook trails offer breathtaking views, and the 1.6-kilometer (1-mile) hike culminates at the Mögárfoss Waterfall Observation Platform, where you can witness the mighty waterfall in its full splendor.
How to Get There
Fjadrargljufur Canyon is 50 minutes away from Vik. From the Ring Road, hop onto Road 206, which will take you to the parking area. While you're in the area, don't miss out on a visit to the nearby Jokulsarlon Glacier Lagoon, just 1.5 hours away, where you can enjoy a relaxing boat ride among floating icebergs. And who knows, you might even spot a curious seal or two!
5. Almannagja Gorge
Almannagja Gorge, nestled within Thingvellir National Park, is one of the most iconic canyons in Iceland. As a part of the famed Golden Circle, it attracts countless visitors each year, making it Iceland's most visited canyon.
Stretching over 8 km (5 mi), this historical and geological marvel sits on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, marking the separation between the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates. Visiting Almannagja offers travelers a rare opportunity to witness this tectonic rift up close.
The gorge is steeped in history, serving as the historic meeting place for the Althing, the world's oldest ongoing parliament. As you walk through the canyon, you can almost hear the whispers of ancient law speakers echoing through the rugged cliffs. With its stunning landscapes and profound historical significance, Almannagja Gorge is truly a must-visit destination.
Best Way to Explore Almannagja Gorge
The Almannagjá Trail is around 1.9 kilometers (1.2 miles ) round trip and offers an easy walk with just a slight incline. Start your adventure at Þingvellir Parking P1, where signs will guide you between the tectonic plates without a hitch. The well-maintained path stretches about 0.6 miles (one kilometer) one-way, wrapping up near the Þingvellir Parking P2 lot.
How to Get There
Almannagja Gorge, located less than an hour from Reykjavik, can be reached by taking Route 36 straight to Thingvellir National Park. If you want, you can also join a Golden Circle Tour to visit Almannagja Gorge and other popular sights in the area. The park has plenty of parking spots, so there's no need to worry about finding a place to leave your vehicle while you explore the gorge.
6. Studlagil Canyon
Studlagil Canyon is a hidden gem in the East of Iceland, showcasing the enchanting blue-green river that sharply contrasts with the largest number of basalt rock columns in the country. Carved by the unyielding force of a glacial river originating from the highlands, this Iceland river canyon remained relatively unknown and hard to reach for a long time.
These towering basalt columns, rivaling those at the famous Reynisfjara black sand beach but even more numerous, were formed as molten lava cooled and contracted, creating unique and intricate patterns. Adding to its charm, the nearby Studlafoss waterfall is also surrounded by these majestic basalt structures.
The river's stunning hue is a result of glacial meltwater carrying fine sediment and minerals, giving it a magical appearance. With its gothic cathedral-like presence, Studlagil Canyon is considered one of Iceland's most beautiful canyons, offering a mesmerizing and unforgettable experience.
Best Way to Explore Studlagil Canyon
Discover the 9.7-km out-and-back trail near Egilsstaðir in the Eastern Region, a moderately challenging hike that's highly popular among nature lovers. From May through September, you can enjoy relatively untouched terrain and explore different outlooks along the way.
Starting the trail at the second parking lot offers a shorter adventure. Don't miss the chance to spot nesting birds like pink-footed geese during spring and summer.
How to Get There
The best way to get to Studlagil Canyon is by driving the Ring Road and turning off on Road 923. Park your car in the designated parking lot and take a walk the rest of the way to explore the canyon. You can also join a 5-hour-long Stuðlagil Canyon tour from Seyðisfjörður.
7. Stakkholtsgjá Canyon
Nestled within the beautiful Thorsmork Nature Reserve in South Iceland, Stakkholtsgjá Canyon offers a mysterious and adventurous experience. This Iceland canyon runs a little over a mile long and reaches depths of up to 100 meters (330 feet), making it a majestic sight to behold.
As you traverse between the towering cliffs, the sheer scale of the canyon will leave you in awe. The numerous streams running through the canyon enhance the relaxing ambiance, providing a soothing soundtrack to your hike.
Wandering through this fairytale-like setting, you'll feel as if you've stepped into another realm. The highlight of Stakkholtsgjá is undoubtedly the hidden waterfall at the end of the trail. Discovering this hidden gem feels like finding treasure after a long and rewarding quest, making the journey through the canyon an unforgettable adventure.
Best Way to Explore Stakkholtsgjá Canyon
The hike in Stakkholtsgjá Gorge is amazing and offers a fun adventure for everyone, including Icelandic people who frequently traverse trails like these. The hike takes about an hour and a half to two hours on a round trip. Though the trail is uneven, it is relatively flat and comfortable for most individuals, even children.
Just be very careful with kids, especially in mossy areas, due to slipping risks. The path also crosses multiple smaller streams with rocks underneath. While the streams aren't deep, the rocks can be slippery, so sturdy, waterproof boots with good grip are a must. Exercise caution particularly around the damp areas near the waterfall.
How to Get There
Stakkholtsgjá Canyon is located about 2.5 hours from Reykjavik and 1.5 hours from Vik. Only accessible in the summer, you'll need a four-wheel drive to tackle the F249 Mountain Road off the Ring Road. After reaching a river crossing, ensure conditions are right, then continue into Thorsmork Valley and park in the designated area.
8. Thakgil Canyon
A true delight among island canyons, Thakgil Canyon, is a picturesque gorge located in the South of Iceland, right beside the majestic Myrdalsjokull glacier. This hidden gem is brimming with jagged rocks of various forms and shapes, stimulating the imagination and making every glance feel like discovering a new wonder.
It's not just about the stunning visuals; Thakgil also features a well-maintained campground that offers basic amenities, making it a perfect base for exploring multiple hiking trails in the area. The towering mountains provide a natural shelter from the elements, while the velvety moss, mysterious caves, and gorgeous waterfalls add to the enchanting experience.
The panoramic views over the glacier are simply breathtaking, giving hikers plenty to admire. If you're seeking a hiker's paradise with diverse natural splendor, Thakgil Canyon will certainly not disappoint.
Best Way to Explore Thakgil Canyon
The 10.8-km loop trail near Mýrdalshreppur is perfect for adventure seekers. Generally considered a challenging route, it usually takes around 4 hours and 32 minutes to complete. Ideal for hiking and running, this serene trail offers unmatched privacy, making it unlikely you'll encounter many others along the way.
How to Get There
Thakgil Canyon is located 21 km (13 mi) from Vik. While driving on the Ring Road, take Road 214, which will take you to the campsite. This is a gravel road, so drive carefully.
9. Eldgjá Canyon
Eldgjá, which translates to 'Fire Canyon' in Icelandic, is an awe-inspiring canyon in Iceland located in the Highlands. Spanning over 40 kilometers (25 miles), it is one of the largest volcanic canyons in the world, reaching depths of 250 meters (880 feet).
The canyon runs parallel to the renowned craters of Lakagigar, which have been celebrated for their colossal eruptions over the centuries. A visit to Eldgjá offers not only an exhilarating hiking adventure but also a deep connection to Iceland's rich volcanic heritage.
One of the highlights of this majestic canyon is Ofaerufoss, a stunning multi-tiered waterfall that flows through ancient volcanic rocks, adding to the enchanting beauty of Eldgjá. This immersive experience in the Highlands showcases Iceland's dramatic and untamed nature, making Eldgjá a must-visit for adventure lovers.
Best Way to Explore Eldgjá Canyon
Numerous hiking trails depart from the car park, letting you descend into the canyon for an up-close look at the fault with its craters and gorges. The view from the top is unbeatable. Most people take the trail to Ófærufoss waterfall, providing comprehensive views with minimal effort. It's just a short 2 km (1.2 mi) hike to this stunning multi-tiered cascade.
How to Get There
Eldgjá is located is only accessible during the summer. A four-wheel drive is required to reach Eldgjá and expect a bumpy ride. The journey is worth it for the incredible views and experience. Take Route 1 and turn onto Road 208. Continue until Road 208 becomes the F208 Mountain Road. Drive down F208 until you see a sign for Gjatindur Road, which leads to the Eldgjá site.
Tips for Exploring Icelandic Canyons
When planning your adventure to any of these Icelandic canyons, a few tips can ensure a safe and enjoyable experience. Let's take a look:
- Wear proper hiking gear, including sturdy and waterproof boots with good grip.
- Stay on designated trails to avoid damaging the fragile moss and vegetation.
- Respect any closures or restrictions put in place for conservation purposes.
- Be mindful of your surroundings, especially near waterfalls and streams that may have slippery rocks.
- Pack plenty of water and snacks, as well as appropriate clothing for varying weather conditions.
- Leave no trace behind and take your trash with you to help preserve the natural beauty of these canyons.
- Some canyons in Iceland may require 4WD vehicles, so be prepared and check road conditions before heading out.
- Always check the weather and road conditions before embarking on your journey.
- Lastly, but most importantly, always prioritize safety and follow all posted signs and warnings.
Best Time to Visit
When planning your visit to these amazing canyons, the optimal months are from June to August. Summer in Iceland offers the best weather conditions for hiking and exploring. Here are some seasonal advice and weather considerations to keep in mind:
- June to August: Warm temperatures, long daylight hours, and generally stable weather make it the ideal time to visit.
- May and September: Shoulder months can also offer good conditions with fewer crowds, but weather can be more unpredictable.
- Winter months: Most areas are inaccessible due to snow and harsh weather conditions.
Photography Tips
Capturing the stunning beauty of Icelandic canyons is a dream for any photographer. Here are some handy tips to enhance your shots while respecting the environment:
- Best Spots for Photography: Thakgil Canyon's panoramic views and Eldgjá's mesmerizing Ofaerufoss waterfall are must-visits. Both offer unparalleled opportunities for breathtaking photos.
- Lighting Conditions: The long daylight hours in summer provide fantastic natural light for photography. Aim for early morning or late evening for the softest light and dramatic shadows.
- Include a variety of shots: Take wide-angle shots to capture the grandeur of the canyons and close-up shots to highlight unique features like waterfalls or rock formations.
- Be Mindful of Your Surroundings: Respect nature and avoid disrupting any wildlife or damaging vegetation while taking photos.
Understanding the Geological Formation of Iceland's Canyons
Iceland's canyons owe their dramatic landscapes to a fascinating blend of volcanic activity and glacial erosion. Over millions of years, volcanic eruptions deposited layers of lava, creating the foundation of these canyons.
Subsequent eruptions and flowing lava sculpted the terrain, forming ridges, valleys, and craters. As Iceland warmed after the Ice Age, massive glaciers carved through the land, deepening valleys and leaving behind steep cliffs and striking geological features.
Flora and Fauna
The canyons of Iceland host unique ecosystems that are a testament to the resilience and diversity of life in harsh environments. These rugged terrains are adorned with mosses, lichens, and hardy shrubs that withstand the extremes of Icelandic weather, including low temperatures, strong winds, and volcanic soil. In spring and summer, these canyons burst into a mosaic of wildflowers, adding splashes of color to the landscape.
Iceland's canyons are also rich in wildlife. Arctic foxes, often seen traversing the rugged terrain, and various bird species, such as puffins, gyrfalcons, and ptarmigans, make their nests in the cliffs and rocky outcrops. The rivers and streams that wind through these canyons are home to salmon and trout, attracting anglers and wildlife enthusiasts alike.
Come Explore Iceland's Canyons
Exploring Iceland's canyons is a journey through some of the most breathtaking natural wonders in the world. By trekking through these awe-inspiring landscapes, you not only witness their beauty but also help preserve them for future generations.
Always remember to tread lightly, respect the environment, and adhere to all conservation guidelines. To make the most of your adventure, rent a car in Reykjavik and embark on an unforgettable journey through these incredible canyons.
Your adventure awaits – just be sure to leave no trace and protect these pristine environments for all to enjoy.
